自8月29日以来，上海局势持续动荡。8.31毛在北京接见了50万红卫兵后，刚平静没两天的上海红卫兵运动就又闹起来了。破四旧还在继续，但目睹资本家被迫害的场面减少了。
我已听说多位曾经或正被外国驻沪机构雇佣的中国人被殴打、审讯的事件，他们财产也被没收。虽然当事人尽量避免让住在上海的外侨看到此种场景，但毕竟上海比北京更难隔离外国人，所以外侨还是注意到了这种迫害。
尚未有外侨被迫害的消息，只是有些红卫兵曾登门查看。有人接到匿名电话说红卫兵正在赶过来，但实际上并没有人来。外国企业现在也都挂上了毛的标准像和其他标语。
从北京南下的红卫兵已激起上海人的众怒，因为他们太激进、暴虐了。有些北京红卫兵被指责公然抢劫和盗窃，最坏的一两个人甚至被扔到了黄浦江去。曹荻秋成为北京红卫兵的攻击目标，现在躲了起来。
有些解放军军官居住在以外侨为主的建筑物里，他们因此受到红卫兵的批判。还有两个住在这一片的中国人，据说他们是在国民党统治期间发财的，在受到连续四天的审问后从六层的阳台上一起跳下来自尽了。
各种商店仍在尽量保持营业，但业务水平明显下降。原有的西式橱窗展览（同北京枯燥的商店展示相比）已经不复存在。店内的摆设近乎雷同，毛像占据中央，周围是写有毛语录的标语牌或横幅，这种单一的面貌甚至让有些中国顾客也感到困惑。饭店里只卖工人、学生能消费得起的低廉菜肴，口味显然不好，就连那些原本以服务、效率和口味闻名的老店也是如此。
上海市民对红卫兵的敌意正在增加，当局也打算给红卫兵运动降温，打算派他们下乡帮助秋收，来转移注意力。不过这并不意味着红卫兵运动就要结束了，他们最近忙于大造舆论，在主要地点设置宣传台和大喇叭，吵死人了。当地民众估计只有在领导们认为已经完成破四旧、立四新的任务后才会结束红卫兵运动。
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CONFIDENTIAL
(510/15/66) Shanghai,
19 September,1966
Since my letter 510/14/66
of 29 August was written, the situation in Shanghai has remained fluid.
2. The lull in the activities of the Red Guard contingents
lasted a bare couple of days. Then reports of Chairman Mao’s meeting with some
500,000 the Red Guards appeared in hastily written news bulletins on walls and
on shop windows throughout the city,
and a new wave of "revolutionary action” began. The destruction of the “Four
Olds” continued with renewed vigour but fewer signs of the persecution of the bourgeois
and capitalist elements were to be seen. Nevertheless this persecution went on.
I heard of an number of cases where Chinese of these classes, especially those
who had been or are still employed by foreign concerns in Shanghai, were beaten
and interrogated day and night for long periods, and their possessions
confiscated. As far as possible these attacks were made when foreign eyes were unable
to see them, but the attention of foreign residents could not entirely be
avoided since segregation is not so easily managed in Shanghai as in Beijing.
3. The foreign residents themselves have not
been molested, though some have been visited by Red Guards. Others have
received anonymous calls to say that the Red Guards are on their track, but
nothing has happened thereafter. Nothing can be done to trace the perpetrators of
these macabre jokes. All foreign business premises are now festooned with banners
and the standard portrait of the Chairman.
4. The arrival of large numbers of Red Guards
from Peking touched off another short period of violence but after a few days
the natives sickened of their Peking colleagues’ extreme behavior and there were
reports of several clashes between them. The northerners were accused of
flagrant looting and theft and one or two of the worst offenders were pitched
into the Whangpoo. They had also caused ill-feeling in Shanghai by besieging
the Mayor, Tsao Ti-chiu, in his office and intimidating him. Tsao has been
lying low ever since and his reappearance is unlikely in the immediate future.
5. Among those victimized by the students from
Peking were a handful of officers of the P.L.A. The charges against them were
numerous: they were accused of Revisionist tendencies, arrogance in their
dealings with fellow-citizens, hoarding valuables, etc. But the basic crime seems
to have been that they lived in a block of flates whose other tenants are
mainly foreigners. Two other Chinese tenants in the
same block, who were reputed to have acquired their wealth by running a
protection racket during the K.M.T. regime, committed
suicide by jumping from their sixth-floor balcony after four days of interrogation.
6. The various business concerns are trying to
carry on as best they can in unfavourable circumstances. They are still in a
state of uncertainty since they can never be sure whether associates and
employees are available or “out of circulation”. Shops open and close again.
Their stocks are much depleted and must conform to the utilitarian standards
laid down for workers. None of the fine window displays, which were almost
Western in comparison with the drab layouts of Peking shops, exists any longer.
The windows are now all the same. Mao’s portrait occupies the central position
surrounded by red buntings, quotations from his works and placards with
important news items on them. Their uniform appearance tends to confuse even
the Chinese customers. The restaurants that are still operating are serving
cheap meals for the workers and students. The food is apparently very bad, even
in those establishments which until recently had a reputation for service, efficiency
and excellent meals.
7. Recent press editorials urging the various
factions to bury their differences and work in unison for the common aim are,
presumably, tacit admissions that the power of the Red Guards is greater than
expected and may be getting out of hand. The harrasement of Tsao Ti-chiu tends
to confirm this. The ordinary citizens in Shanghai and the suburbs are showing
increasing hostility to the Guards, and the authorities, recognizing the people’s
need for a respite from the fear and apprehensions engendered by the purges, are
beginning to cast around for means of slowing down their momentum. A move is
afoot to channel energies into renewing the struggle for production in all branches
of industry and agriculture. The autumn crops, reported to be of high yield are
ready to be harvested, and hands are wanted to bring them in. The effort
devoted to the destruction of “Four olds” will, it is hoped, be expended constructively
for the common good, and at the same time the ardour of the Red Guards will be
cooled to a point where proper control can be re-established.
8. This does not necessarily mean that we will
soon see an end to the Red Guard
movement in Shanghai. Their most recent role is one of disseminating
properganda. They have set up platforms and loudspeakers at strategic points
and the noise is indescribable. Local residents foresee an end of the movement
only when the leaders are satisfied that the “fours olds” have been replaced
with the new culture.
9. I am sending copies of this letter to Davies
in Hong Kong and Wilson in Far Eastern Department.
(K. Goodwin)
To Peter,
Esq.
Peking
英国外交部档案号：FO_371_186982
英国外交部档案号：FO_371_186982
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